The practical application of a free-wheeling diode in a control circuit with an inductive load is to provide a path for the inductive current to flow when the power to the load is turned off. When an inductive load, such as a motor or solenoid, is energized, it stores energy in its magnetic field. When the power is suddenly disconnected or switched off, this stored energy in the inductive load wants to maintain the current flow, causing a voltage spike in the circuit. This voltage spike can damage other components in the circuit or cause electrical interference.
The free-wheeling diode, also known as a flyback diode or a snubber diode, is connected in parallel to the inductive load. It is oriented to allow the inductive current to flow in a closed loop through the diode when the power is turned off. By providing a low-resistance path for the current, the diode prevents the voltage spike due to the sudden interruption of current flow in the inductive load.
The practical benefits of using a free-wheeling diode in this application include:
- Protection of Components: The diode helps protect other components in the control circuit, such as switches, transistors, or relays, from voltage spikes that can damage or degrade their performance.
- Reduced Electrical Noise: Voltage spikes caused by the inductive load can introduce electrical noise into the circuit, affecting nearby sensitive components. The diode prevents or minimizes this electrical noise, improving the overall performance and reliability of the circuit.
- Enhanced Efficiency: By preventing voltage spikes and associated energy losses, the free-wheeling diode improves the overall efficiency of the control circuit.
In summary, the free-wheeling diode in a control circuit with an inductive load protects components, reduces electrical noise, and enhances the circuit’s efficiency by providing a safe path for the inductive current when the power is turned off.
Let’s watch this video explaining the working of a freewheeling diode: